Overview
The national airspace system runs on infrastructure that predates the jet it guides: copper telecommunications lines, radar sites from the 1970s, and paper flight strips passed by hand between controllers.
The modernization program replaces that foundation over the next decade — new telecommunications, new surveillance, new facilities — without interrupting a system that cannot close for renovation. The work touches every one of the 21 en route centers and more than 300 terminal facilities.
Airspace modernization
Three commitments organize the program. First, safety systems are replaced before efficiency systems. Second, no facility is decommissioned until its replacement has run alongside it. Third, controllers train on the new equipment in the facility where they will use it, not in a laboratory.
What is being replaced
- Copper telecommunications lines, with a fiber and satellite network
- Legacy radar processing at the en route centers
- Primary and secondary surveillance consolidation
- A common display across en route and terminal control
- Paper flight strips, with electronic flight data at the 49 busiest towers
Controllers are moving traffic safely on equipment older than they are. Modernization is not an upgrade to the system — for most of these facilities it is the first replacement the equipment has ever had.
Air traffic organization briefing to Congress, March 2026
Facilities and radar
Radar remains the backstop for satellite surveillance, so the program renews both: 618 radar systems are being replaced or service-life extended, and the en route centers — buildings from the late 1950s and early 1960s — are being consolidated into new facilities designed around the new equipment (Aviation Office reauthorization, Pub. L. 118-63).
How the work is funded
Modernization is funded through the Airport and Airway Trust Fund and a dedicated appropriation. The trust fund is fed by aviation excise taxes — the ticket tax, the fuel tax and the cargo waybill tax — so the system's users pay for its renewal.
Timeline
- 2025
- Telecommunications replacement begins at the first 4 en route centers
- 2026
- Electronic flight data live at 12 towers; radar replacement contracts awarded
- 2028
- Common display software at all 21 en route centers
- 2032
- Legacy telecommunications network retired
Last updated August 23, 2026. Questions to the Air Traffic Organization.
